NOTE: Internet connectivity at the office today is likely to be uncertain, as we were down all day yesterday. So, if I'm not able to check in on the answers quickly, please be patient.

At a certain point in the first half of the twentieth century, an idea by a man who was later credited (by some) with saving Europe suggested the creation of a nationwide non-profit for a certain purpose. Shortly thereafter, several institutions (one of which was the Salvation Army; another was the National Jewish Welfare Board) collaboratively founded a new organization, for precisely this purpose, which was "endorsed" by the President. Interest in serving this organization grew rapidly, to peak at over 750,000 volunteers. The organization operated over 3000 service centers, one of which became so famous that it inspired a movie featuring, among others, Groucho Marx. Centers combined both secular and religious pursuits.

After it had been active for seven years, the organization was disbanded for four years, and then reinstated. In the 1970's the "founding organizations" withdrew, and a revised congressional charter for the organization was signed into law. It remains active today.

What is the name of this organization?

First correct answer posted to comments wins a packet of Andy Capp's Salsa Fries from the machine at 76 Ninth Avenue. No Googling, yahoosiery, Lycosification, or consulting the dead using bell, book, and candle. One guess per comment, though you may comment as often as you like.